Pediatric neurology is a specialized branch of medicine which deals with the diagnosis and management of neurological conditions in newborns, infants, children and adolescents. This field encompasses the diseases and conditions of the brain, spinal cord, autonomic nervous system, peripheral nervous system, blood vessels and the muscles. The diseases falling in this spectrum include a vast variety of simple, complex and rare diseases, such as cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorders, hydrocephalus, spina bifida, epilepsy, congenital metabolic abnormalities affecting the nervous system, etc. The diagnosis of a particular neurological condition in children is based on the medical history, symptoms and tests such as MRI, EEG, blood tests and lumbar puncture. This book unfolds the innovative aspects of pediatric neurology which will be crucial for the progress of this field in the future. It consists of contributions made by international experts. This book will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.