Neuroinflammation is the chronic inflammation of the nervous tissues. Its initiation could be due to different triggers of the immune system such as traumatic brain injury, infection and autoimmunity. During neuroinflammation, innate immune cells within the central nervous system, known as micrologia, are activated. Central nervous system is generally protected by a blood-brain barrier, but circulating peripheral immune cells can surpass it sometimes, which results in the immune response. Neuroinflammation is associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Different approaches, evaluations and advanced studies on neuroinflammation have been included in this book. A number of latest researches are present to keep the readers up-to-date with the global concepts in this area of study. The extensive content of this book provides the readers with a thorough understanding of the subject.